“The Tiv people, historically celebrated for their formidable warrior identity—especially during the pre-colonial and early colonial eras—have undergone a significant transformation in how this identity is perceived over time. Some observers might contend that this warrior identity has diminished or perhaps even vanished altogether. Traditionally, the image of the Tiv as warriors encompassed more than just physical combat; it represented a profound commitment to resilience, a robust sense of communal defense, and an unwavering determination to resist domination by neighboring ethnic groups, colonial powers, or oppressive external policies. In contemporary times, the once-proud identity of the Tiv community has been reshaped and diluted by a confluence of complex factors, prominently including the numerous modern conflicts and security crises that affect the region.”
Once upon a time, there existed a remarkable community, a people steeped in pride and rich in heritage—a tribe defined by their vision, courage, and unwavering voice. Their vibrant drums resonated with profound dignity, echoing through their lands like a heartbeat, while the joyous laughter of children mingled with the whispers of the winds, creating a symphony of life that celebrated both the mundane and the miraculous. The elders, revered and wise, gathered under the sprawling branches of ancient trees, their faces etched with the stories of their ancestors. They dispensed knowledge that shaped generations, teaching the young ones the importance of respect, resilience, and the intricate tapestry of their history. In this tribe, language transcended mere words; it was woven into every aspect of life—carried in the graceful postures of their dances, embedded in the proverbs shared during communal gatherings, and even expressed through the profound silences that filled moments of reflection. The world gravitated toward them, recognizing their mastery of rhythm, artistry, and an enduring spirit of resistance. They gifted the world not only their cultural heritage but also a deep sense of soul—infusing everything they touched with meaning and purpose. As time went on and the tides of change shifted, I began to question what had happened to the Tiv people, who had once seemed so powerful but had suddenly appeared to diminish, helpless, empty, vulnerable, and defenseless.
The Tiv ethnolinguistic group from Benue State, Nigeria, possesses a rich history that showcases their remarkable strength and resilience. Renowned as formidable warriors, the Tiv people, primarily located in the Middle Belt region, often engage in fierce battles to defend their land, culture, and way of life against external threats and rival groups. Their community is deeply rooted in a vibrant cultural heritage characterized by a rich tradition of storytelling, music, and dance. These artistic expressions not only provide entertainment but also serve as a means of honoring their ancestors and recounting their history, encapsulating the indomitable warrior spirit that defines Tiv’s identity. Traditional instruments, colorful attire, and rhythmic dances are integral to their communal gatherings, reinforcing social bonds and collective pride. The Tiv were noted for their remarkable sense of unity and strategic prowess in warfare. Their communal decision-making and collaborative strategies in battle showcased their ability to mobilize quickly and effectively, making them a formidable presence in their territory. The sense of unity within the Tiv community goes far beyond their collective military efforts. This community is deeply rooted in strong kinship bonds, which play a crucial role in its social structure. These ties enable individuals to rely on one another during challenging times, which reinforces their shared values and traditions.
Over the years, the legacy of the Tiv people as fierce warriors and their distinctive cultural identity has seen a notable decline. This prompts a vital inquiry: What factors have led to the gradual erosion of the once-vibrant legacy the Tiv people held as warriors and symbols of resilience? Furthermore, what shifts and challenges have emerged that have significantly impacted their traditional identity, which was once a source of pride and strength? The Tiv people, historically celebrated for their formidable warrior identity—especially during the pre-colonial and early colonial eras—have undergone a significant transformation in how this identity is perceived over time. Some observers might contend that this warrior identity has diminished or perhaps even vanished altogether. Traditionally, the image of the Tiv as warriors encompassed more than just physical combat; it represented a profound commitment to resilience, a robust sense of communal defense, and an unwavering determination to resist domination by neighboring ethnic groups, colonial powers, or oppressive external policies. In contemporary times, the once-proud identity of the Tiv community has been reshaped and diluted by a confluence of complex factors, prominently including the numerous modern conflicts and security crises that affect the region. Ironically, the ongoing violent incidents—particularly the alarming clashes between herders and farmers in Benue State and its neighboring areas—have rendered the Tiv community increasingly vulnerable. Rather than embodying the fierce warriors of the past, this identity has morphed into a nostalgic symbol, lacking the unifying or cohesive strength it once possessed. As the Tiv people confront increasing violence and turmoil, their responses to these threats have become marked by fragmentation and reactive measures that often result in tragic consequences. While vigilante groups have emerged to restore security, they frequently lack the structured ethos and disciplined tactics that were once defining characteristics of traditional Tiv warfare. Consequently, the legacy of the Tiv warrior spirit now serves more as a memory of past glory rather than an organized, cohesive response to the challenges they currently face.
Another significant factor contributing to a growing sense of hopelessness in Tiv land is the disunity that has quietly, yet profoundly, taken root among our people. In times past, a deep and abiding sense of connection and solidarity existed among Tiv people. The joys and sorrows of one Tiv person reverberated throughout our entire community; they embraced each other as brothers and sisters, bound together by shared histories, cultural traditions, and a mutual commitment to one another’s well-being. The community flourished on the foundation of togetherness, characterized by trust, respect, and love. Secrets were kept within their circles, and they leaned on one another for emotional and practical support during both prosperous and challenging times. Gatherings were commonplace, not only for celebrations but also for serious conversations that sparked ideas and solutions to common problems. They ate together with open hearts, fostering connections that transcended individual differences. The practice of rotational farming was particularly significant; not only did it provide sustenance for families, but it also reinforced communal ties. They worked side by side, sharing the labor and the harvest, ensuring that no one went hungry and that everyone contributed to the welfare of the land. This collaborative approach served to protect against external forces encroaching upon their territory. Unfortunately, this is no longer practical, as individuals are primarily focused on the needs of their immediate families.
The situation they find themselves in is dire, as external forces now encroach upon the community without any form of resistance. These intruders invade their territory, perpetrating acts of violence and seizing their lands, all while they stand idly by, unable to defend themselves. The traditional leaders, who once served as the voice and advocate for the Tiv people, have inexplicably fallen silent. Those who once dared to stand firm and protect their community’s interests appear compromised, with their integrity undermined. Dishonesty has become the prevailing currency in their interactions, leading to a tragic outcome: they are now more inclined to sell the Tiv people rather than unite against external threats. In the face of these invaders, they seem completely complacent; yet, when conflicts arise among themselves, they hastily reach for guns and ammunition, ready to engage in violence against their own brethren. This situation brings up an important question: who is responsible for the decline in unity? The answer lies in the evolving political landscape, which has fostered an environment where the Tiv people perceive each other as adversaries rather than allies. The spirit of camaraderie that once characterized their relationships—where they shared what they had and supported one another—has faded. It has been replaced by a mentality of self-preservation, where the prevailing mantra has become “do unto others before it is done unto you.” This shift in perspective is disheartening and reflects a more profound crisis within the community.
Throughout my childhood, we grew up in a harmonious environment where children played freely. We often engaged in games with unfamiliar faces, savoring a carefree innocence that now feels like a distant memory. The sense of safety that enveloped our neighborhoods allowed us to explore the world around us without fear. Neighbors acted as guardians; everyone looked out for one another, embracing the well-being of each family as a collective responsibility. This mutual vigilance regarding safety not only fortified our bonds but also heightened our awareness of our surroundings and the people within our community. As the years have passed, the connections that once bound us have gradually diminished, strained by a multitude of external pressures and internal conflicts. For instance, children are now unable to play outdoors together, constrained by the fear of potential poisoning. Their joyful laughter has been replaced by a pervasive anxiety that shadows their innocence. Neighborhoods have undergone significant transformations; homes are now encircled by imposing gates that create stark barriers to the communal spaces of joy and friendship that once flourished. The walls of many houses bear cautionary messages — inscriptions such as “Beware of dogs” hint at a more profound fear that extends beyond just animals. This somber atmosphere has altered the dynamics of the community, fostering a sense of isolation and mistrust where companionship and security once thrived. What was once a vibrant sense of community, characterized by mutual support and understanding, has significantly diminished. This decline has led to a disheartening environment characterized by growing mistrust and an overwhelming sense of isolation among individuals. The collective spirit that once unified them, nurturing a strong network of friendship and solidarity, has become fragmented. They now confront challenges in solitude, stripped of the robust support systems that traditionally provided strength and reassurance. As a result, the fabric of the community is fraying, leaving them to navigate life’s complexities without the comforting safety net that once held them together.
Another crucial factor contributing to the growing sense of hopelessness among the Tiv people is the erosion of our legacy—a powerful heritage that was once celebrated but is now often recounted in whispers tinged with nostalgia rather than admiration. Historically, the Tiv tribe held a prominent position, actively engaging in negotiations with influential kings and colonial authorities and navigating complex political landscapes with wisdom and strength. However, as time has passed, their influence has diminished significantly, leading to a pervasive sense of disorientation and loss. They find themselves struggling to adapt to a rapidly evolving world, grappling with the stark reality that larger, more powerful forces now overshadow the vibrant culture and authority they once wielded. This disconnection from their storied past leaves many in the community feeling adrift, yearning for a return to the days when their voice was not just heard but respected and valued. In ancient times, the Tiv people were not merely survivors; they emerged as astute negotiators and influential leaders, celebrated for their profound wisdom and unwavering strength. They possessed a remarkable ability to forge alliances and negotiate pivotal agreements, which significantly shaped the political dynamics of their region. Their skills in diplomacy allowed them to navigate complex relationships with neighboring tribes and colonial powers, securing advantageous positions and fostering community cohesion. However, in contemporary times, this once-dominant power has dramatically diminished. The Tiv people now find themselves in a precarious situation, often relegated to a status where they must beg for appointments and seek recognition from those who have assumed authority over them. This stark shift reflects not only a loss of influence but also highlights the challenges they face in a rapidly changing socio-political landscape, where their voices are frequently overshadowed and their legacies overlooked.
Once vibrant and fertile, the land that once flourished under the care of the Tiv people has now succumbed to decline, reflecting a broader cultural and economic erosion. In its prime, this land yielded not only bountiful crops whose shimmering grains resembled gold in the sunlight but also provided a strong foundation for deeply rooted traditions that shaped the community’s identity. The Tiv people thrived as stewards of this rich heritage, cultivating a profound connection to the earth and to one another. However, as time has passed, the landscape has undergone significant transformation. Today, the claim that we are the food basket of the nation is increasingly being questioned. Critics point to a pressing concern: the ongoing conflict with herders has effectively limited the Tiv people’s access to their farms, significantly impacting agricultural productivity. However, some argue that our decline as the nation’s food basket did not begin solely with this recent invasion; they believe that underlying factors have long been undermining our agricultural capabilities. Regardless of how we frame the root causes of this issue, one undeniable truth stands: we are gradually failing as a community. This decline affects not only our food production but also our cultural identity, sustainability, and overall resilience as a people. We must engage in open dialogues and develop comprehensive strategies to tackle the multifaceted challenges we face, striving for a more robust future for our agriculture and our community as a whole.
The Tiv palaces stand as haunting relics of a once-vibrant culture. The youth, once a source of pride and vitality, are now dispersed—some confined within the walls of jails, many seeking refuge in bustling urban landscapes, and most wandering in search of purpose and meaning, often in misguided ways. The festivals, once celebrated with sacred fervor, have faded into obscurity, their vibrancy extinguished. The elders, the keepers of tradition and history, carry a weariness that runs deeper than mere age; they are burdened by the sight of a proud lineage gradually eroding into dust. How did this decline come to pass? It did not arrive with the sudden force of a flood, but rather, it infiltrated the community stealthily, much like termites gnawing away at the foundation of a structure. The first signs of decay appeared when the values that once defined their society were compromised in the pursuit of power and influence. Gradually, silence took hold as the rich language of dignity was supplanted by the harsh grammar of greed and self-interest. In this transformation, the community lost sight of its true identity. The Tiv people exchanged the depth of memory and heritage for hollow mimicry, adopting superficial practices that bore little connection to their true selves. In the scramble for survival, they conflated mere existence with true success, forgetting the rich tapestry of their cultural legacy. As a result, a once-great civilization now finds itself at a crossroads, grappling with the consequences of its choices and longing for a revival of what was lost.
The growing political division among the Tiv sons and daughters presents a pressing and escalating concern, especially in an era where unity is essential for fostering meaningful development and protecting the collective interests of the Tiv people. The Tiv community, renowned for its significant contributions to Nigeria’s political landscape in the first republic, is increasingly jeopardized by internal divisions. These divisions often stem from personal egos, party loyalty, and defined interests that overlook the broader communal perspective. Traditionally, the Tiv people were known for their remarkable ability to articulate their concerns and aspirations with a strong sense of unity, especially regarding issues of great significance. However, in recent times, this once-cohesive voice has become fragmented as various political factions competing for influence, relevance, and control. While political diversity is essential for fostering healthy debate and a variety of perspectives, it also poses a significant risk when it leads to division instead of progress. For example, as the 2027 elections draw near, we expect a significant return of Tiv sons and daughters, who will arrive with the same old-fashioned rhetoric to persuade them to support them. These individuals, who once left the communities in protest, will now present themselves as champions of their cause. Once these individuals achieve their political ambitions and ascend to power, they create divisions among the populace. The timeless adage, “A house divided cannot stand,” resonates deeply in this context. The genuine strength of a community lies in its capacity to unite as one. When a community voices its concerns with unity, it commands attention and respect from the broader nation. Conversely, when the community is mired in internal disputes, their struggles and concerns become mere background noise, diminishing their influence and ensuring that even their most pressing issues remain unheard. Restoring unity among the Tiv requires a dedicated effort to bridge divides, foster understanding, and reinforce the importance of collective action toward common goals. Only through collaboration can they hope to reclaim their influential position and protect the interests of their community. Therefore, to restore their historical strength and regain dignity, the Tiv must cultivate a renewed sense of solidarity that prioritizes collective well-being over individual interests. This requires fostering a culture in which collaboration and mutual support take precedence over selfish ambitions.
The Ayatutu Ka Uno narrative, commonly answered as “Ka Se,” has gradually become less viable in Tiv land over the years. Historically, this cherished slogan was deeply embedded in the communal ethos, emphasizing the values of togetherness and the spirit of sharing. Families would gather during occasion not just as individuals but as a cohesive unit, fostering bonds that transcended mere social interactions. The celebration was characterized by a warm exchange of pleasantries, with each family embracing the others as part of one collective, symbolizing their commitment to one another and strengthening their interconnectedness. This spirit of unity transcended mere resource sharing, encompassing political solidarity as well. Through these gatherings, the Tiv community showcased its capacity to unite in diversity, thereby affirming its identity as a cohesive and harmonious entity. The Ayatutu Ka Uno served as a powerful reminder of the values of generosity and kinship that have long defined Tiv’s cultural identity. It was not merely a celebration; it was a vibrant expression of the collective spirit that has historically united the community, embodying their shared aspirations and the strength found in their togetherness. However, in recent times, the essence of Ayatutu Ka Uno has evolved into something quite different. Today, it is referred to as Ayatutu Ka Uno, “Ka Mo,” indicating a shift from the original communal spirit to a more individualized approach. This change suggests that the warmth and communal sharing that once characterized our gatherings have been replaced by a more self-centered perspective, impacting how we connect with our brothers and sisters in the community. The transformation highlights a growing disconnect, prompting us to reflect on what this means for our traditions and relationships in Tiv land.
In a recent victory parade for Liverpool Football Club, a tragic incident unfolded, leaving nearly 50 people injured, including several children, when a car collided with a crowd of pedestrians. Amid the ensuing chaos, the response from local law enforcement made me reflect. The Liverpool police issued a public appeal, urging community members to refrain from sharing graphic footage and images of the incident on social media. This appeal aimed to reduce further emotional distress for those affected and to prevent any potential retaliatory actions that could arise from the dissemination of such content. If this incident had taken place in Benue, the response might have been significantly different; individuals would likely have flocked to social media to share images of the victims in a quest for views and attention. It is essential to recognize that while visual evidence serves as a stark proof of a tragedy, it simultaneously casts a shadow over our collective conscience as a society. The sharing of graphic images frequently exemplifies a “clickbait culture,” where shock value takes precedence over sensitivity and compassion. This practice commodifies tragedy, transforming genuine suffering into mere content. Sharing virtual images of victims does not serve to inform; instead, it exploits. It fails to raise awareness and instead violates the dignity of those involved. The responsible approach is to report with care, honor, and respect for human dignity, prioritizing compassion over clicks. Therefore, let us share our stories thoughtfully—employing blurred images, symbolic visuals, or written narratives—ensuring that we do not dehumanize those affected.
The pressing question remains: Is it too late to unite and address the harrowing narratives of brutal attacks and systematic killings that have long afflicted our community? The answer is it is not too late. If we take a moment to look inward—not elsewhere—we might realize that true power does not rest upon governors, senators, presidents, or in the hands of a few but resides within every one of us. Greatness is not found in the nostalgic recollections of past glories but rather in the unwavering spirit of renewal and reinvention that we can cultivate together. Let us rise as a united tribe—not fueled by bitterness for the injustices we have faced but empowered by the courage to reclaim our narrative and build a better future. This is the time for the youth to step forward, as they have the opportunity to sift through the remnants of our past and rediscover the enduring spark of our heritage and potential. The youth hold the power to reclaim what is rightfully ours and to pave the way toward healing and unity. Let us put an end to the blame game and join forces to reclaim our land. We must not remain passive, waiting for our leaders or a higher power to act on our behalf. This is our moment to confront the challenges we face peacefully and turn them into opportunities for change. Let us act with determination and confidence, seizing this chance to build a strong foundation for a brighter future. Together, we can inspire one another, harness our collective strength, and cultivate a community filled with hope and promise.
Rev. Ma, S. J., is a Jesuit Catholic priest of the North West Africa Province of the Society of Jesus. He currently writes from Beirut, Lebanon.
